New Words and Expressions

Some Words and Expressions for Text A

many a          fml .           many          〖正式〗a large number of           许多

e. g. 1. Many a scientist has to work long hours alone in the laboratory and sacrifice a reat deal in his or her personal life.

         2. I've sat here many a time and wondered what happened to her.

         我很多次坐在这里想：她发生了什么事？

Usage:    注意many a后接名词单数，谓语动词也需要保持一致。

fame      n.

[U] the state of being known about by a lot of people because of your achievements   声誉，名声，名气

e. g. 1. She achieved her fame at the expense of her marriage.

        2. Streisand won fame as a singer before she became an actress.

                  史翠珊在成为演员之前已经是位知名歌手。

Adjective: famous

Collocations:

win / achieve / gain / find fame 获得名气

rise / shoot to fame 迅速成名

international / worldwide / national fame 国际/全球/全国知名

reward  vt.

give sth. to sb. because they have done sth. good, worked hard, etc. 

酬报，酬谢，报答，奖赏

e. g. 1. She was rewarded for all the hard work she did.

       2. His persistence was rewarded when the car finally started.

                 他那些坚持没有白费，汽车终于启动了。

Adjective:           rewarding  （指活动等）值得做的, 令人满意的

Collocations:

reward sb. with sth. / be rewarded with sth. 奖励某人某物

reward sb. for (doing) sth. 由于……奖励某人

neglect    

n.          [U] the state of being neglected 被忽略的状况

e. g. 1. The house has fallen into a state of neglect.

       2. The car shows signs of neglect.    这汽车看样子疏于保养。

Adjective: neglected  showing a lack of care or attention不经心的; 不注意的

Collocations:

neglect of…      疏于……

years / decades / centuries of neglect          常年 / 数十年 / 数百年被忽略

vt.          give too little attention or care to 忽视，忽略

e. g. 1. This is one of the most important issues and we cannot afford to neglect it.

       2. The police officer was accused of neglecting his duty.

         那位警官被指控玩忽职守。

prospect          n.

1. [plural (for/of)]   chances of future success

  （常与for，of连用）成功的机会，前景，前程

e. g. 1. Job prospects for college graduates don’t look good this spring.

  2. At 25 he was an unemployed musician with no prospects.

            25岁了他依然是个没有工作的音乐人，没有什么前途。

Collocations:

job/career prospects工作 / 职业前景

2. [C; U (of)] a possibility that sth. which you hope for will happen soon 

   [常与of连用]（有根据的）指望，期望，展望

e.g. I see little prospect of an improvement in his condition.

            我看他的情况没有什么改进的希望。

Collocations:

prospect of (doing) sth. (做)某事的可能性

  be excited / alarmed / concerned at the prospect (of sth.) 

      由于……的可能性而感到兴奋 / 警觉 / 关切等

manual 

a.    operated or done by hand or without the help of electricity, computers, etc. 

       手动的

e. g. 1. My camera has both manual and automatic functions.

  2. Making small models requires manual skill.       制作小模型要手巧。

Antonym:     automatic

n.    [C] a book that gives instructions about how to do something, especially how to use a machine 手册，指南

e.g. Consult the computer manual if you have a problem.

           有问题你就查询电脑手册。
Synonym:       handbook

put … to the test 

force (sb. or sth.) into a difficult situation in order to discover what the limits of their strength, skills, etc. are        使…经受考验

e. g. 1. Kathy's students are putting her patience to the test.

    2. Paul soon found himself in an emergency situation that put all his training to 

        the test.

          鲍尔不久就碰上紧急情况，所有的训练将接受考验。

contract      n.            an official written agreement 契约；合同

e. g. 1. Read the contract carefully before you sign it.

       2. What are the legal consequences of breaking a contract?

            毁约的法律后果是什么？

Collocations:

enter into/make a contract (with sb.) 与某人缔结合约
sign a contract (with sb.) 与某人签约
agree a contract同意合约
a contract to do sth.协议做某事
end/terminate a contract (with sb.) 与某人终止合约
break a contract (with sb.) 毁约
win/be awarded a contract赢得合约
renew somebody’s contract续约
fulfil a contract信守合约
the terms of a contract合同条款

station  vt. 

[often pass.] put (esp. a person) into a certain place for esp. military duty 

[常用被动语态］使驻扎，安置，设置

e. g. 1. There were police officers stationed at every exit.

        2. The detective stationed himself among the bushes.

            那个侦探藏在灌木丛中。

Synonym:        post

on the side 

1. in addition to one's main job 作为兼职

e. g.  1. The bus driver is taking some part-time work on the side.

         2. Most consultants do private work on the side.

           绝大多数顾问都兼职做私活。

2. secretly  秘密地，暗地里

e.g. He's married but he has a girl-friend on the side.

          他虽有妻室, 但暗地里还有一个女朋友。

Usage:

phrases with “side”

side by side 肩并肩地；相互支持

take sides (with sb.) 表示支持某人

look on the right side在困境中看到事物光明的一面

have got out of bed on the wrong side 整天(没有理由地)情绪不好

the other side of the coin 事情的另一面

wrong side out (衣物等)里面被翻转成外面

on the safe side为慎重起见，以防万一

put sth. on/to one side 将某物置于一边，搁置某事

split one's sides控制不住地大笑，捧腹(大笑)

a thorn in one's flesh/side不断惹人烦恼或造成妨碍的人或事物

time is on sb's side某人有充足的时间等待做某事

well     vi            [(up, out)] (of liquid) flow or start to flow out   

                           [常与up或out连用]（液体）流，涌

e. g. 1. She groaned, as hot tears welled out and wetted her face.

       2. Blood was welling out from the wound.

         鲜血从伤口中流出。

stick it out          continue to the end (of sth. difficult) 

                              把（难事）坚持到底，忍耐到底

e. g. 1. I did not persuade or influence him; he intended all along to stick it out until the end.

        2. He hates the job but he’s determined to stick it out because he needs the money.

            他讨厌那工作，但因为需要钱, 只好横下心来干下去。

pace  

vi.           walk (across) with slow, regular, steady steps, esp. backwards and forwards 

               踱步（于），慢步走（于）

e. g. 1. “We're going to be late,” Jordan said impatiently, pacing up and down the room.

        2. Sam stood up and paced the floor, deep in thought.

           山姆起身，在房间里踱着步，陷入沉思中。

n.          1. [C] (length of a) single step in walking or running

                      （走或跑的）一步，一步的距离

e.g. She took two paces forward.      她向前走了两步。

          2. [sing] speed, esp. of walking or running       速度（尤指走或跑的）

e.g.   She slowed down her pace so I could keep up with her.           

             她放慢脚步好让我跟上她。

       3. [U] rate of progress or development, esp. of an activity

                     进步或发展的速度; （尤指）活动的速度

e.g. This novel lacks pace.    这部小说的节奏太慢。

Collocations:

pace of change / reform / growth etc. 变化 / 改革 / 发展等的速度

pace of life生活节奏

at your own pace你自己的节奏

at breakneck pace非常快

gather pace 加快

keep up the pace继续这样的节奏

at a snail’s pace非常慢

at a rapid / slow / steady / leisurely / brisk etc. pace

以很快 / 慢 / 稳定 / 悠闲 /轻快等的步速

plunge in / into; plunge … in / into

(cause sth. to) fall into sth. suddenly and with force; (cause to) rush into a state of activity（使某物）突然而猛力投入、穿入、进入等；跳入；冲进；（使）投入（某种活动）

e. g. 1. Colin plunged into the icy water and saved the drowning child.

       2. The pool was declared open and eager swimmers plunged in.

          游泳池宣布开放了，急切的游泳者们跳进了水中。

come up with 

1.   infml.           produce an amount of money     〖非正式〗找到钱，拿出钱

e. g. 1. How soon can you come up with the money you owe her?

  2. We wanted to buy the house but we couldn’t come up with the cash.

           我们想买那房子但是拿不出现金。   

2. think of (a plan, reply, etc.)      想出（计划、答复等）

e.g. She came up with a new idea for increasing sales.

她想出了增加销售量的新主意。

rumor has it (that)          people are saying      传说

e. g. 1. Rumor has it that we'll have a new manager soon.

       2. Rumor has it that she's getting married again.

        谣传她又要结婚了。

dash      vi.            run quickly, esp. when hurrying         冲，猛冲

e. g. 1. Harry dashed away before we had a chance to thank him.

       2. Olive dashed into the room, grabbed her bag, and ran out again.

        奥莉薇冲进房间，抓上包，又跑出去了。

make sacrifices 

lose or give up sth. of value, esp. for what is believed to be a good purpose   作出牺牲

e. g. 1. I know that many of your parents have made big sacrifices to get you through to this point.

 2. They made sacrifices to ensure a good harvest.

       为确保丰收他们做出了很大牺牲。

trace    vt.        [(to)]find the origins of by finding proof or by going back in time 

                        [常与to连用]追溯；追查

e. g. 1. She could trace her family tree back to the 16th century.

 2. The cause of the fire was traced to a faulty fuse-box.

         起火的原因已查出，是保险丝盒中有短路。

pack up

1. put belongings in a case or bag for leaving 收拾行李

e. g.  1. I decided to pack up and leave for home the next morning.

  2. We arrived just as the musicians were packing up their instruments.

          我们到达时乐师们已经在收拾乐器了。

2.  infml.       stop doing sth, give up or abandon sth. 〖非正式〗不再做某事；放弃某事物

e.g. What made you pack up a good job like that?

              那么好的工作你怎么就不干了呢？

3. infml.      (of a machine) to stop working 

                 〖非正式〗（指机器、发动机等）不工作或不运转，有故障

e.g.    The fax machine's packed up again.           传真机又坏了。

in a / one sense 

when considered from only one point of view; partly    在某种意义上；在一定程度上

e. g. 1. Love, in a sense, is a duty.

 2. What he says is right in a sense.    他说的话在某种意义上是对的。

Usage:

several other phrases

in no sense 一点也不

in every sense of the word 完完全全

in a general sense 一般来说

in any real sense 真正地

in a (very) real sense 确实地

in a technical sense 从技术角度说

come across 

1. meet, find or discover, esp. by chance （尤指偶然）遇见，碰上；发现

e. g. 1. On my way home I came across an old friend of mine.

        2. She came across some old photographs in a drawer.

          她在抽屉里偶然发现些老照片。

2. to be understood 被理解，被传达

e.g. He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn’t really come across.

         他讲了很长时间, 但他的意思没有人真正理解。

flood in 

arrive or go somewhere in large numbers （大量地）涌入

e. g. 1. After he won the gold medal, calls and letters flooded in from around the world.

       2. Donations have been flooding in since we launched the appeal.

         自从我们发布了请求，捐款就如潮水般涌入。

press          vt.       urge strongly        （强烈地）劝说；敦促；催促

e. g. 1. They are pressing the government for action.

        2. I don't want to press you, but shouldn't you be leaving?

         我不想逼你, 但你还不该走吗?

Usage:

press sb. for sth. 催促某人做某事

press for sth. 强烈要求……

press sth. on sb. 硬要某人接受某事物

press sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事

stay the course 

last successfully until the end of sth.; not give up in spite of difficulties    坚持到底

e. g. 1. Congratulations go to everyone who participated — they all stayed the course and proved their worth.

     2. I don't think he's sufficiently dedicated to stay the course.

  我认为他不够坚定, 不会坚持到底的。