Find from the table the English equivalents to the signs given in Chinese, using the data bank for reference.
Data Bank
1) Closed to All Traffic 禁止车辆通行
2) Keep Off the Grass 不要践踏草坪
3) Swimming Not Allowed 禁止游泳
4) Children Not Allowed 禁止儿童入内
5) Felling Trees Is Forbidden 禁止砍伐树木
6) No Entry 禁止入内
7) Quiet, please 请安静
8) No Spitting 禁止吐痰
9) Don’t Lean Out of the Window 不要探身窗外
10) Leave Bags Outside 勿带包入内
名词单复数 (Singular and Plural Forms)
① 表示不可数名词的数量概念,要使用单位名词。如:a bar of chocolate
(一块巧克力),two cups of tea(两杯茶)。
② 某些数量词语只能修饰可数名词,many,few,a few,a (large) number of 等。如:many cars(许多车),a few mistakes(几处错误),a large number of new buildings(一大批新楼)。
③ 某些数量词语只能修饰不可数名词,much,little,a little,a great deal of,a (large) amount of 等。如:much fun(很多乐趣),a little salt(一点儿盐),a great deal of information(大量信息)。
④ 某些数量词语既能修饰可数名词,又能修饰不可数名词,some,plenty of, lots of,a lot of 等。如:some bread(一些面包),lots of pleasure(很多乐趣)。
⑤ 物质名词和抽象名词通常是不可数名词;作可数名词时,它们都表示较为具体的概念。如:many kinds of fruits(各种水果),a heavy rain(一场大雨)。
附:名词单复数详解
可数名词和不可数名词
英语名词按其语法意义分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数之分,如bus, boy, child的复数分别是buses,boys,children。不可数名词没有复数形式,如furniture,anger,laughter,water等。一般来说,表示物质、材料之类的物质名词和表示状态、行为、品质等抽象概念的抽象名词都是不可数名词;在特殊情况下他们也可用作可数名词。
使用名词单复数时应注意的事项
1)表示不可数名词量的概念,要使用单位名词。例如:“一块巧克力”是a bar of chocolate, 不能说a chocolate。类似的例子还有:
a bottle of ink 一瓶墨水 a burst of laughter一阵笑声
a drop of water 一滴水 a piece of furniture一件家具
a loaf of break 一块面包 a glass of water一杯啤酒
a piece of advice 一个忠告 an item/ a piece of news一条消息
2) 某些数量词语只能修饰可数名词,如many, few, a few, a (large) number of, a good many等。
3)某些数量词语只能修饰不可数名词,如much,little, a little, a great deal of, a large amount of等。
4)某些数量词语既可修饰可数名词,又可修饰不可数名词。如some, plenty of, lots of, a lot of, a percentage of, a quantity of 等。
5)有些名词的复数形式表示特殊的意义,如times时代,works著作,goods货物,greens蔬菜,regards问候,contents目录,papers论文等。
6)有些名词常用其复数形式,如shoes鞋,gloves手套,scissors剪刀,trousers裤子,compasses圆规,jeans牛仔裤,spectacles眼镜,savings储蓄,surroundings环境,findings调查结果,earnings薪水等。
7)表示学科的名词看上去是复数,其意义是单数。如physics物理学,politics政治,electronics电子学,mathematics数学等。
8)巫之名次和抽象名词通常做不可数名词,但有时也作可数名词。作可数名词时,他们都表示较为具体的概念。物质名词可以表示由该物质构成的物品,或表示物质的类型、品种及物质的量等;而抽象名词可以表示原因、动作情况或某种品质、特征等。
Now people are eating more fruit man than before. (fruit 作不可数名词)
现在人们吃水果比以前多了。
Various fruits are available in the shop. (fruit 作可数名词)
商店里能买到各种水果。
Recently we have had much rain. (rain作不可数名词)
进来雨下得很多。
There was a heavy rain last night. (rain 作可数名词)
昨晚下了一场大雨。
Music give us a lot of pleasure. (pleasure 作不可数名词)
音乐给我们许多欢乐。
Work is a pleasure to him. (pleasure 作可数名词)
工作对他来说是一种快乐。
Correct the errors in the following sentences.
以下句子均有些许错误,请更正句子,并将正确的完整句子填进答题框。
中译英:
1) 我要一杯茶和两片面包。
I'll have a cup of tea and two pieces / slices of bread.
2) 老师让我们拿出一张纸考试。
The teacher asked us to take out one sheet / piece of paper for the quiz.
3) 他买了两瓶啤酒和三块巧克力。
He bought two bottles of beer and three bars of chocolate.
4) 数学是我最感兴趣的课程。
Mathematics is the subject I feel most interested in.
5) 谢谢你给我这么多建议。
Thank you for the much advice you've given me. /
Thank you very much for the many suggestions you've given me.
6) 失败是成功之母。
Failure is the mother of success.
7) 公司里的所有设备都是中国制造的。
All the equipment in the factory is made in China.
8) 运动有益健康。
Sports are good for health.
Write a short passage of about 80 words to tell a story or describe an event related to the picture given below. Some useful words and phrases are provided here to help you. You may start the passage with the sentence: Signs are marks, pictures or words on a board to draw attention, give warnings or direct somebody toward some place.
• signs;
• on a board;
• widely used;
• in public places;
• to provide people with all kinds of useful information;
• for instance;
• Wet Paint;
• in a park;
• to keep away from;
• be happy to see...
Sample
Signs are marks, pictures or words on a board to draw attention, give warnings or direct somebody towards some place. They are widely used in public places to provide people with all kinds of useful information. For instance, a Check In sign at an airport will lead you to the check-in counter. A Way Out sign at the subway tells you where you can get out. Wet Paint in a park warns you to keep away from a bench which is still wet with painting. Visiting Hours at the door of an office informs you that it is working time for the officers and clerks in this department. Of course, you will be happy to see the sign “Admission Free” at the gate of an exhibition hall.