商务英语写作

张静

目录

  • 1 An Overview of Business Writing
    • 1.1 Visual materials for the Chapter
    • 1.2 Functions of Business Writing
    • 1.3 Criteria and Techniques for Effective Business Writing
    • 1.4 Approaches to Organizing Business Writing
  • 2 Structure and Styles of Business Letters
    • 2.1 Structure of Business Letters
    • 2.2 Styles of Business Letters
  • 3 Sales-related Inquiries and Replies
    • 3.1 Introduction
    • 3.2 Sample Analysis
    • 3.3 Useful Patterns and Sentences
  • 4 Order Letters and Confirmation Letters
    • 4.1 Introduction
    • 4.2 sample Analysis
    • 4.3 Useful Sentences and Patterns
  • 5 Letters of Shipment
    • 5.1 Introduction
    • 5.2 Sample Analysis
    • 5.3 Useful Sentences and Patterns
  • 6 letters of Payment and Settlement of Accounts
    • 6.1 Introduction
    • 6.2 Sample Analysis
    • 6.3 Useful Sentences and Patterns
  • 7 Routine Claims and Adjustments
    • 7.1 Introduction
    • 7.2 Sample Analysis
    • 7.3 Useful Patterns and Sentences
  • 8 Persuasive Claims and Refusals
    • 8.1 Introduction
    • 8.2 Sample Analysis
    • 8.3 Useful Patterns and Sentences
  • 9 Sales Letters
    • 9.1 Introduction
    • 9.2 Sample Analysis
    • 9.3 Useful Patterns and Sentences
  • 10 Invitation and Thank-you Letters
    • 10.1 Introduction
    • 10.2 Sample
    • 10.3 Useful Patterns and Sentences
  • 11 Letters of Apology and Congratuation
    • 11.1 Introduction
    • 11.2 Sample Analysis
    • 11.3 Useful Patterns and Sentences
  • 12 Notices and Announcements
    • 12.1 Introduction
    • 12.2 Sample Analysis
    • 12.3 Useful Patterns and Sentences
  • 13 Memos and Minutes
    • 13.1 Memos
      • 13.1.1 Introduction
      • 13.1.2 Sample Analysis
      • 13.1.3 Useful Patterns and Sentences
    • 13.2 minutes
      • 13.2.1 Introduction
      • 13.2.2 Sample Analysis
    • 13.3 Useful Patterns and Sentences
  • 14 Resume
    • 14.1 Introductioon
    • 14.2 Sample Analysis
    • 14.3 Useful Patterns and Sentences
    • 14.4 More reference: Steps in Resume Writng
  • 15 Letters of Application
    • 15.1 Introduction
    • 15.2 Sample Analysis
    • 15.3 Useful Patterns and Sentences
  • 16 Letters of Recommendation
    • 16.1 Introduction
    • 16.2 Sample Analysis
    • 16.3 Useful Patterns and Sentences
  • 17 Proposals
    • 17.1 Introduction
    • 17.2 Sample Analysis
    • 17.3 Useful Patterns and Sentences
  • 18 Reports
    • 18.1 Introduction
    • 18.2 Sample
    • 18.3 Useful Patterns and Sentences
  • 19 Questionnaires
    • 19.1 Introduction
    • 19.2 Sample Analysis
  • 20 Business Agreements
    • 20.1 Introduction
    • 20.2 sample  Analysis
    • 20.3 Useful Patterns and Sentences
Introduction

          






Types of Business Report 


n Informal Business Reports 

   Usually in the form of personal letter or in the form of Memo.

No cover page, catalogue or other special forms.

Can be just one page or over pages.

n   Formal Business Reports

Short Formal Business Reports

Long Formal Business Reports

Printed; Double space;

Clean/ Tidy/Decently bound

            ( Your graduation thesis/dissertation is some kind of formal report)


Long Formal Report normally includes:

n     Cover Letter（转送函）

n     Cover Page（衬页）

n     Title Page（主题页）

n     SUMMARY

n     Table of Contents（目录）

n     Introduction

n     Discussions

n     Conclusions

n     Recommendation

n     Reference or Bibliography（参考文献）

n     Appendix

n     Back Cover（底页）

 Note: Cover Letter” 和Letter of Transmittal虽然两者名称不同，但内容、作用相同，都被称作转送函。转送函在呈送时仍然起着几个重要的作用：注明报告人的姓名、职务，何时、受何人授权起草该报告，以及欢迎读者对该报告提出批评和建议等

 

 

Typical structure template for writing a report:

·                   Title, author, date.

·                   Contents.

·                   Introduction and Terms of Reference (or aims/scope for report).

·                   Executive Summary (1-2 pages maximum) containing main points of evidence,recommendations and outcomes.

·                   Background/history/situation.

·                   Implications/issues/opportunities/threats, with source-referenced facts and figuresevidence.

·                   Solution/action/decision options with implications/effects/results, including financials and parameters inputs and outputs.

·                   Recommendations and actions with input and outcomes values and costs, and if necessary return on investment.

·                   Appendices.

·                   Optional Bibliography and Acknowledgements.

Map out your structure before you begin researching and writing your report.

Ensure the purpose, aims and scope of the report are clearly explained in your terms of reference.

The executive summary should be very concise, summarising the main recommendations and findings. Provide interpretation of situations and options. Show the important hard facts and figures. Your recommendations should include implications, with values and costs where applicable. Unless yours is a highly complex study, limit the executive summary to less than two sides of standard business paper.

The body of the report should be divided into logical sections. The content must be very concise. Use hard facts and figures, evidence and justification. Use efficient language - big reports with too many words are not impressive. The best reports are simple and quick to read because the writer has properly interpreted the data and developed viable recommendations.

Do not cram lots of detail, diagrams, figures, evidence, references etc., into the main body of the report. Index and attach these references as appendices at the end of the report.

Where you state figures or evidence you must always identify the source.

Show figures in columns. Try to support important figures with a graph.

If it's appropriate to acknowledge contributors then do so in the introduction or a separate section at the end.

 

 

Business Report Checklist

 

                                                                                                                           

 

Business Report Checklist

 		  

Yes () or No()

 
 

Audience

 
 

Have I clearly identified who my readers  are?

 
 

Do I know their prior knowledge about the  topic?

 
 

Have I identified what they need to know?

 
 

Will they understand my vocabulary?

 
 

Content

 
 

Have I used a variety of information  sources?

 
 

Are my sources relevant, credible,  current and

 

referenced appropriately?

 
 

Do I have a clear objective that has been  met?

 
 

Can I put some of my data in the  Appendices?

 
 

Have I been specific enough – using  specific contexts,

 

terms and figures?

 
 

Do my conclusions and recommendations flow  logically

 

from my findings and discussions?

 
 

If the report was written as a group do I

 

(and other group members) understand all  the content?

 
 

Language & Style

 
 

Have I used strong, clear and short  introductions,

 

main points and conclusions?

 
 

Do I have just one main idea per  paragraph?

 
 

Do I have clear topic sentences for every  paragraph?

 
 

Have I been objective? – that is have I  used the third

 

 person and the appropriate level of  formality (no contractions,

 

 slang, emotional language)?

 
 

Presentation

 
 

Have I  been consistent in my use of:

 
 

•  Headings

 
 

• Fonts

 
 

• punctuation

 
 

• bold

 
 

•  Bullet points

 
 

• italics

 
 

• abbreviations

 
 

•acronyms

 
 

•numbering?

 
 

Does  my presentation overall assist the reader in

 

making  the report easy to follow?

 



 备注: 下面两个视频来自网易公开课上传的Harrisburg Area Community College 的在线课程。