Daily Wisdom
All things in their being are good for something
天生我才必有用。
Word Formation
按照语言一定的规律创造新词的方法,叫构词法(Word formation)。从词的形态结构来看,英语单词的构成方式主要有:合成法(Compounding)、转化法(Conversion),派生法(Derivation)和缩略法(Abbreviation)。
1.合成法:把两个或两相以上独立的词合成一个新词。
(1)合成名词:
spaceship 宇宙飞船 handwriting 书法 highway 公路
shorthand 速记 breakfast 早餐 pickpocket 扒手
(2)合成形容词:
kind-hearted 热心的cold-blooded 冷血的hand-made 手工的,
self-educated 自学的color-blind色盲的easy-going脾气随和的
(3)合成动词: ill-treat虐待undergo经历overthrow推翻
water-ski滑水mass-produce大规模生产sleep-walk梦游
2. 转换法:由一种词类转化为另一种词类的词。
(1)动词转化为名词。
He visited the summer palace yesterday.
他昨天参观了颐和园。(动词)
We paid a visit to the scientist last week.
我们上星期拜拜访了那位科学家。(名词)
( 2 ) 名词转化为动词。
We should shoulder these responsibilities.
我们应当担负起这些责任来。
The hall can seat two thousand people. 大厅能坐2000人。
(3)形容词转化为动词。
The train slowed down to half its speed. /the room gradually quieted down.
3.派生法:由词根(stems)加前缀(prefixes)和后缀(suffixes)构成新词。
① 前缀
a-(形容词;副词):asleep,arise, awake, abroad(在国外),alone(独自)
co-(共同):co-exist, co-operate
over-(过于):overdo, oversimplify
re-(重复;再):return, redesign, reunite, remarry(再婚)
super-(超级,上层):superstar, superman, supermarket
sub-(下面的):subway, subconscious
tele-(远程):telephone, telegraph, telescope(望远镜)
mis-(误):mistake, misunderstand(误会)
inter-(相互;之间):international, interrelation
en-(使可能):encourage, enable(使成为可能)
dis-(否定):disappear, disagree, discourage, disappoint, dishonest,
in-/il-/im-/ir-(不;非):invisible,illogical, illegal, impolite, impossible, irregular
un-/non-(不;非):unfit, unfair, unknown, non-conductor(非导体)
② 名词后缀
-er(……者):foreigner, thinker, swimmer, traveller
-ese(……地方的人):chinese, portuguese, japanese
-ian(精通……的人;……地方的人):musician, magician, physician, technician,
-ist(专业人员):artist, specialist, pianist, physicist
-ment(性质;状态):government, movement, argument, engagement, development
-ion:expansion, discussion, decision
-dom:freedom, kingdom
-ance/ence:acceptance, allowance, dependence, confidence
-ee:employee, interviewee, trainee
-ness(性质;状态):business, happiness, greatness, illness, darkness
-or(器具;……者):cooker, tractor, actor, visitor, professor
-ship:friendship, leadership, hardship, scholarship
-tion(动作;过程;结果):pollution, suggestion, invention
③ 形容词后缀
-al:practical, continual, educational, national
-ern:southern, northern, eastern
-ful:helpful, cheerful, grateful, useful, careful
-ary:revolutionary, secondary, imaginary
-ble:reasonable, horrible, comfortable, acceptable, terrible
-ive:active, native, decisive, destructive, expensive
-y:rainy, dirty, sleepy, healthy
-less:careless, homeless, motherless, useless
-ant:important, significant, ignorant
-ous:serious, courageous, famous, continuous
-some:troublesome, tiresome, handsome, lonesome
④ 动词、副词和数词后缀
-fy(使……化):simplify,beautify, amplify, satisfy, electrify
-en(使……变得):strengthen, lengthen, widen
-ize(使……成为):realize (实现),modernize, apologize, organize
-ly(方式;程度):freely, badly, terribly, perfectly, truly, angrily
-ward(s)(方向):towards, backward, eastward, forward, outward
-teen(十):fourteen, fifteen, eighteen
-ty(整十位数):twenty, forty, thirty
Listening & Speaking Practice
1. Enjoy the song Gotta Be You And Me.
2. Watch the video Big Fish & Begonia.
《大鱼海棠》是彼岸天文化有限公司、北京光线影业有限公司、
霍尔果斯彩条屋影业有限公司联合出品,由梁旋、张春执导,
电影。
该片讲述了掌管海棠花生长的少女椿为报恩而努力复活人类男孩
“鲲”的灵魂,在本是天神的湫帮助下与彼此纠缠的命运斗争的
故事。影片于2016年7月8日在中国大陆上映 。
2017年12月3号,《大鱼海棠》获第15届布达佩斯国际动画电影节
最佳动画长片奖。2018年7月5日《大鱼海棠》获得中国文化艺术政
府奖第三届动漫奖。